研究成果：Optimizing urban electric vehicle charging and battery swapping infrastructure: A location-inventory-grid model

作者：艾文清；Cheng Hanyu；Qi Wei[T]

发表期刊：Transportation Research Part E

期刊级别：ABS3

发表时间：202610

摘要：The rapid rise of electric vehicles (EVs) places unprecedented stress on both urban mobility

systems and low-voltage power grids. Designing battery swapping and charging networks that are

cost-efficient, grid-compatible, and sustainable is therefore a pressing yet complex challenge: service providers must jointly optimize station locations, battery inventory, and grid interaction under high-dimensional uncertainty. We develop an integrated location-inventory-grid model and employ a continuous approximation approach to overcome the intractability of discrete formulations. Our analysis compares centralized versus decentralized charging, with and without participation in

frequency regulation. The results reveal that centralized charging, when combined with frequency

regulation, not only reduces cost but also strengthens grid stability. However, it may constrain

operational flexibility near the optimum, potentially challenging efforts to mitigate environmental

impacts by lowering battery inventories. These results offer actionable guidance for cost-efficient,

environmentally sustainable, and grid-compatible scaling of urban EV infrastructure to meet the

demands of large-scale EV adoption.